Oracle RMAN duplicate database creation scenarios

Duplicating When Datafiles Use Inconsistent Paths

CONNECT TARGET /;

CONNECT CATALOG rman/cat@catdb;

CONNECT AUXILIARY SYS/oracle@dupdb;

# note that a RUN command is necessary because you can only execute SET NEWNAME

# within a RUN command

RUN

{

  # The DUPLICATE command uses an automatic sbt channel.

  # Because the target datafiles are spread across multiple directories,

  # run SET NEWNAME rather than DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 TO '/oradata1/system01.dbf';

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 TO '/oradata2/undotbs01.dbf';

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 TO '/oradata3/cwmlite01.dbf';

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 4 TO '/oradata4/drsys01';

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 5 TO '/oradata5/example01.dbf';

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 6 TO '/oradata6/indx01.dbf';

  # Do not set a newname for datafile 7, because it is in the tools tablespace,

  # and you are excluding tools from the duplicate database.

  SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 8 TO '/oradata7/users01.dbf';

  DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO dupdb

    SKIP TABLESPACE tools

    LOGFILE

      GROUP 1 ('/duplogs/redo01a.log',

               '/duplogs/redo01b.log') SIZE 200K REUSE,

      GROUP 2 ('/duplogs/redo02a.log',

               '/duplogs/redo02b.log') SIZE 200K REUSE;

}

RMAN DUPLICATE DATABASE From File System to ASM: Example

This duplication example assumes the following:

• You are using recovery catalog database catdb.
• The target database trgt is on host1 and the database files are stored in a non-ASM file system.
• You want to duplicate the target to database dupdb on remote host host2.
• host2 has diskgroup +DISK1.
• You want to store the datafiles for dupdb to +DISK1.
• You want to store two controlfiles in +DISK1.
• The backups and archivelogs created by host1 are accessible by host2.

Create an initialization parameter for auxiliary instance by copying the target database initialization parameter file. Change the parameters as follows:

• Set DB_NAME to the new database name dupdb
• Set CONTROL_FILES to store two copies of the control file in +DISK1
• Make sure DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT and LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT are not set
• Set any other initialization parameters that end in _DEST, such as DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST and DB_CREATE_ONLINE_DEST_n, to reference +DISK1

For example:

DB_NAME=dupdb

CONTROL_FILES=+DISK1,+DISK1

Create an SPFILE from the parameter file, and start the auxiliary instance:

SQL> CONNECT AUXILIARY SYS/oracle@dupdb;

SQL> CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE=auxiliary instance pfile;

SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT;

Then run the following RMAN commands to duplicate the database:

RMAN> CONNECT TARGET /;

RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG rman/cat@catdb;

RMAN> CONNECT AUXILIARY SYS/oracle@dupdb;

RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO dupdb

      LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('+DISK1','+DISK1') SIZE 200K,

              GROUP 2 ('+DISK1','+DISK1') SIZE 200K;

RMAN DUPLICATE DATABASE From ASM to ASM: Example

This duplication example assumes the following:

• You are using recovery catalog database catdb
• The target database trgt is on host1 and contains ASM datafiles and online logs in diskgroup +DISK1
• You want to duplicate the target to database dupdb on remote host host2.
• host2 has diskgroup +DISK2
• You want to store the datafiles for dupdb to +DISK2
• You want to store two controlfiles in +DISK2
• The backups and archivelogs created by host1 are accessible by host2

Create an initialization parameter for auxiliary instance by copying the target database initialization parameter file. Change the parameters as follows:

• Set DB_NAME to the new database name dupdb
• Set CONTROL_FILES to store two copies of the control file in +DISK2
• Set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT and LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT to convert the datafile and online log file names from +DISK1 to +DISK2
• Set any other initialization parameters that end in _DEST, such as DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST and DB_CREATE_ONLINE_DEST_n, to reference +DISK2

For example:

DB_NAME=dupdb

CONTROL_FILES=+DISK2,+DISK2

DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=+DISK1,+DISK2

LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=+DISK1,DISK2

Create an SPFILE from the parameter file, and start the auxiliary instance:

SQL> CONNECT AUXILIARY SYS/oracle@dupdb;

SQL> CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE=auxiliary instance pfile;

SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT;

Then run the following RMAN commands to duplicate the database:

RMAN> CONNECT TARGET /;

RMAN> CONNECT CATALOG rman/cat@catdb;

RMAN> CONNECT AUXILIARY SYS/oracle@dupdb;

RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE TO dupdb;

Steps To Migrate a Database From Non-ASM to ASM

You can use these steps to migrate a NON-ASM database to ASM database in Oracle 11gR2.

Prerequisite - ASM instance should be created and up and running. Please refer my previous article to create a ASM instance

1) Check the database version and status

   SQL> select INSTANCE_NAME,VERSION,DATABASE_STATUS from v$instance;

    INSTANCE_NAME    VERSION           DATABASE_STATUS
    ---------------- ----------------- -----------------
    learndb          11.2.0.3.0        ACTIVE

2) We should be able to check the ASM disk available from the instance which we created earlier

   SQL> select NAME,STATE,TOTAL_MB,PATH from v$asm_disk;
   NAME                           STATE      TOTAL_MB PATH
   ------------------------------ -------- ---------- ----------
   DISK1                          NORMAL         4777 ORCL:DISK1


Migrating the SPFILE from Non-asm to ASM


1) If you are using a spfile, take a backup of spfile using rman to restore it to ASM disk

   RMAN>BACKUP AS BACKUPSET SPFILE;

2) Now shutdown the database and start it in Mount stage
   SQL> Shutdown immediate

   SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

3) Now restore the spfile from the backup to ASM disk as below

  RMAN>RESTORE SPFILE TO '+DATA/spfilelearndb.ora';

4) You can see, still the parameter "spfile" is pointing to file system instead of ASM disk

   SQL> show parameter spfile

    NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
    ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
    spfile                               string      /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbh
                                                        ome_1/dbs/spfilelearndb.ora
5) Shutdowm the instance

    SQL> shutdown immediate

6) Delete "spfile.ora and init.ora from the $ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory and create a new init.ora with the following line of content and start the instance,

    vi initlearndb.ora
   SPFILE='+DATA/spfilelearndb.ora'

   SQL> Startup (  first it will search for spfile.ora which we deleted and next it will look for      init.ora which we have moified with the above content  )

   SQL> show parameter spfile

    NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
   ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
   spfile                               string      +DATA/spfilelearndb.ora


Migrating Control files from Non-ASM to ASM


1) These are the current control files in non-asm

SQL>show parameter contol_files
         control_files                        string      /u01/data/learndb/control01.ctl,
                                                                 /u01/data/learndb/control02.ctl

2) Start the instance in nomount state

SQL> startup nomount

3) You can move these control files to ASM using RMAN

    [oracle@coltdb04 ~]$ rman target /

    Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Jun 29 03:04:39 2012

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

    connected to target database: LEARNDB (not mounted)


    RMAN>restore controlfile to '+DATA' from '/u01/data/learndb/control01.ctl';


4) You can check whether the control file are created

   ASMCMD> find -t CONTROLFILE +DATA *
   WARNING:option 't' is deprecated for 'find'
   please use 'type'

   +DATA/LEARNDB/CONTROLFILE/current.256.787200593

5) Update the spfile with new control file location

   SQL> alter system set control_files='+DATA/LEARNDB/CONTROLFILE/current.256.787200593' scope=spfile;

6) Now shutdown the instance and startup in mount stage and check for the control file location

   SQL> shutdown immediate

   SQL> startup mount

   SQL> show parameter control_files

       NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
     ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
     control_files                        string      +DATA/learndb/controlfile/curr
                                                      ent.256.787200593


Migrating the Datafiles from Non-ASM to ASM

1) Keep the database is in mount stage

2) Use RMAN "BACKUP AS COPY" method to migrate the datafiles from filesystem to ASM

   [oracle@coltdb04 ~]$ rman target /

   Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Jun 29 03:00:40 2012

   Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

   connected to target database: LEARNDB (DBID=3704858930, not open)
                                         

   RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE FORMAT '+DATA';

3)  Switch the database to the copy created using the following RMAN command

   RMAN> SWITCH DATABASE TO COPY;

   datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/learndb/datafile/system.258.787201633"
   datafile 2 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/learndb/datafile/sysaux.257.787201553"
   datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/learndb/datafile/undotbs1.259.787201713"
   datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "+DATA/learndb/datafile/users.261.787201725"

4) Migrate the tempfile to ASM using RMAN

   RMAN> run
   2> {
   3> set newname for tempfile '/u01/data/learndb/temp01.dbf' to '+DATA';
   4> switch tempfile all;
   5> }

   executing command: SET NEWNAME

   using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

   renamed tempfile 1 to +DATA in control file

5) Now open the Database

   RMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

   database opened

6) You can now check the datafiles created in ASM

   SQL> select FILE_NAME from dba_data_files;

   FILE_NAME
   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   +DATA/learndb/datafile/users.261.787201725
   +DATA/learndb/datafile/undotbs1.259.787201713
   +DATA/learndb/datafile/sysaux.257.787201553
   +DATA/learndb/datafile/system.258.787201633


Migrating the Redo log files from Non-ASM to ASM

1) Identify the currently available redo log files using the following command

   SQL> SELECT a.group#, b.member, a.status FROM v$log a, v$logfile b WHERE a.group#=b.group#;

    GROUP#           MEMBER                STATUS
   ----------       ---------              -----------

        3    /u01/data/learndb/redo03.log INACTIVE

        2    /u01/data/learndb/redo02.log CURRENT

        1    /u01/data/learndb/redo01.log INACTIVE

2) Add the new logfiles to ASM using following command

   ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER '+DATA' TO GROUP 1; 
   ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER '+DATA' TO GROUP 2;
   ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER '+DATA' TO GROUP 3;

3) Now drop the old logfiles, A redo log member can only be dropped after being archived and being in INACTIVE mode. If needed, switch logfile multiple times until the logfile is ready for dropping.
   ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/u01/data/learndb/redo01.log';
   ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
   ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/u01/data/learndb/redo02.log';
   ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
   ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/u01/data/learndb/redo03.log';

4) You can check the logfiles created now in ASM

     GROUP#           MEMBER                STATUS
   ----------       ---------              -----------
         1    +DATA/learndb/onlinelog/group_1.264.787205393   CURRENT

         2    +DATA/learndb/onlinelog/group_2.265.787205405   INACTIVE

         3    +DATA/learndb/onlinelog/group_3.266.787205417   INACTIVE

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Oracle database migration from server to server using RMAN

Datafiles move from one disk to another disk, Database move from one disk to another disk, switch database to rman incrementally updated backup copy images.

Complete database migration from one server to another using rman backup in scheduled window / downtime:

Source server:

1.       Check the all application services are in down or not. Have make sure all the application services down before starting.

Sql>select process, program, username from v$session where username not like '%oracle%';

2.       Make sure the switch log file / check point at database level.

Sql> alter system switch logfile;

Or

Sql> alter system checkpoint;

3.       Take the rman full backup.

Rman > backup database plus archivelog;

Above command takes the full database backup. Also takes backup of spfile and controlfile but have to configure controlfile auto backup on then it takes the backup as $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/c-dbid-date.

4.       Using scp send the all backup files to target server.

5.       Copy all password file, listener, tnsnames, sqlnet.ora file to target server.

 Target server:

1.       Install oracle binaries, place the password file in $ORACLE_HOME/dbs location, listener, tnsnames and sqlnet.ora file in $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin location.

2.       Set the bash_profile.sh for oracle user, export ORACLE_SID=orcl (instance name).

3.       Connect to the rman.

Rman target sys/pwd

Rman> set dbid 43123423;

Rman> restore spfile from ‘/u01/backup/c-43123423-20170823’ to ‘/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora’;

Sql> startup nomount

Rman> restore controlfile from ‘/u01/backup/c-43123423-20170823’; (please make sure the path of the controlfile from pfile)

Sql> startup mount;

Rman>  run { 

catalog start with '/backup location/';

set newname for database to '/new database files location/%b';

restore database;

switch datafile all;

recover database;

}

Above run block

1.    Catalog start with ‘backup sets location’ : rman catalogs the backup copies.

2.    Set newname for database to ‘/destination/%b’ : it renames the all datafiles location to new location in target server.

%b specifies stripped datafiles to single location

3.    Restore database: restore the database

4.    Switch datafile all: it switches all the datafile to new location

5.    Recover database: it recovers the database

4.       Rename the all redo log files.

Sql> select member from v$logfile;

Sql> alter database rename file '/previous path/redo01.log' to '/new path/redo01.log';

5.       Open database using open reset logs.

Sql> alter database open reset logs;

6.       Create temporary tablespace make as default.

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Oracle DBA 6 years experience interview questions

1. What is the pga?
2. What are the pga parameters?
3. What is the relation between pga and temporary tablespace?
4. If incase PGA memory is having 2gb, and the statement required more memory then what hapen?
5. What is the smon?
6. What are the states of the redo logfiles?
7. What happens if we deletes all the redo log members? how to restore and recover?
8. What happens once we place the tablespace in begin backup mode?
9. why archives generates heavily at begin backup mode?
10.what is the difference between avialable and expired in rman backup?
11. what is the crosscheck?
12. What is the checkpoint?
13. what is the difference between cpu and psu patches?
14. What are the steps to applying the psu patches?
15. What process can fetch data into buffer cahce from datafiles?
16. is uncommitted data can writes into datafiles?
17. What is the chache coherence? What maintaince this?
18. What is the GRD, where it placed and which instance it resides?
19. what is node eviction? what causes for the node eviction?
20. What parameters need to create standby?
21. Which background process applies redo at standby side?
22.In which view we can verify the psu patch applied or not?
23. What are the statistics? what is the use of it and what are the incremental statistics?
24. How to migrate database from one os to another os?
25. Why we can run the roo.sh and rootinst.sh in oracle installation?
26. Tell me the select statement execution process?
27. tel me about update statement in oracle?
28. what are the sequence of steps in rac 11gr2?
29. What are the rac specific background process?
30. How to move the datafile created at file system to RAC (ASM)?
31. What is your recently resolved performance issue?

1.how to know which databases are using asm instance
2.show parameter in exp
3.check the status of the  exp dump file
4.restore datafile to perticuler location using rman
5.how to check size of a directory in linux
6.status of  partitioned disk after it assigened to asm disk group
7.how to stop job in expdp
8.how many types of load balances available in RAC

9.when we issue startup upgrade command what will happen
10.what is db replay
11.compression
12.rman 11g features
13.total db size
14.rman backup size and time
15.logical backup size,time and schema size
16.where can we find node membership polling machanism in RAC
17.how much database size  grows daily

18.are the idexes are always benficial or not
19.how to stop crs without connecting to root user
20.how to see listener status if the listener is passwor protected
21.how to improve performance of a impdp command
22.what is default time and location for ocr backup
23.difference between cpu,psu,bug fixes patch

24.How to check backup type in list backup command.
25.Can we rename asm instance
26.Asm instance control file
27.Can we create more than one asm instance on one box
28.What is conflict check in opatch

29.Crs should be up or down to take voting disks backups using dd command
30.Why expdp is faster than normal exp
31.Difference between active dataguard and normal dataguard
32.Will rman create temporary tablespace after cloing or restore process.
33.Difference between 10g load balance machanism and 11gr2 load balance machanism

34.What is the use of pwd file
35.Why mrp process runs in single on standby 3 node rac
36.Name of view that stores plsql compilation errors
37.Diffrence between cloning and refresh
38.How to demonstrate to the developper taht if they created index on perticular column it would hep
39.Order of background process when we issue startup command
40.What is the shortest way to restore a table if we have only rman backup of db size 1.5tb
41.How will you recover spfile if we dont have backup and it got corrupted
42.How does scan identify that node is a least loaded node
43.How to change the rebalance value in asm
44.Where cluster checks the details of asm diskgroups before starting the css process and pass these names to kfed
45.Which process starts 1st after issuing  crs start command
46.What will be state of database if we kill dwr background process
47.How to find scan name of a cluster
48.How to find number of nodes in cluster from os level with out using rac or database commands
49.How to find location of inventory file
50.What information contains in inventory.xml file
51.What is use of napply in opatch
52.What is use of CONSISTENT parameter in exp
53.How to find sql query of  session if  i have only  os process id
54.How to create spfile for asm instance

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